Improvement jim boring wells



Tonal wiwi/mit may concern:

l odnterson7A in the county of Bassaicend Shi-te ol', Een" Jersey',have, invented newAh uno improved l'nuohine for 'drilling and boru ingoil-wellszind i'or other drilling,l and horl longitudinzd one, by meansof horsepower or nini-gijon noms, or P :weones/lewinSpf-3jlientionforning wirt of Letters Ptent o.' d'idyduted Mfr'yl, i265.

. Re in known that i', LA WnENonHoLMs;

lng operaiions off n similar nniure; also zipplicable io the'n'fnliingoi' pumps; und I d hereby dechire that the following is e fulh' clear,ysind exznj't 4description oi' the sa 1ne, rei` erence beinghad ,to theaeooml'mnyingfdralwi ings, forniingilmri oi' -this speeication, inwhich-- Figures l, und 2 ure central' vertical sections' of'thenmcl1ine,ralien 'ut-right angles to each other. Fig'. Sis n phin' ofthevsadie. i Fig. 41's a horizoiJ-:ilsoetion oi the same in the pla-neindicated by the line rm'in Fig. l. 1

Similar `letters ot" reference indicato spending' parte in `the serernlgur'es. i Q i One important ohje'et oi" this `invention is to providei'or the use. in' the snnie machine of'either drillso'r. angers,according tothe varying ehnrnul'er of the strata' th 'be penetrated indrilling' und boring Wells. and other drilling' :ind hor-ing"operationsin the' earths crust'. Another importanj: objectis Yno providelfor the operation of drilling with@ drill or tool,l whoseprincipalmovement 'is a, jumping or correl of other power .applied in ahorizontal circleV deserhedaround the axis of the bore; and afurtherimporiuntioleet is to' ni'ord equal'14 a'pplicaiion of` thelpowertoI either direetly or through sultsf-:unong which may he'me'ntind theuse of the drilling und-bo-ring-maohine to work :L pump-my inventionoonsistsin e maehin'efthe principal 4elinrache-rieti@ of' whieh,V`dishinguish'ed from other machinesfousini iur' purposes, is that itsldriving' geur iofjf's nhoutnndits Working puits"o1e giri{an-,:;ecaround-a central hollow shufn eoncentriornnd-pumllel with the axis of'the drilling orhorii'ig tool,- and'the interior of whiehinny heconsidered as a nentinlfordend oentero the machine.

`To ennblo'ohers skilled in the art tdnlake und use my invention;` lwill proceed to' describe its Construction und opere-tion.' 4 l A 'is ubed-plute, on which is ereefed a crane' or other shaped standard. B,tothe upper PATENT @rincer rirnnson, New' Jnnsnrt1 feoslnewLLe;

nerr o which is enst or otherwise lirinlly se- 'eured the hollow uprightshaft or :isle 0 sjtua'ted overtlie center of fhe bedlplale, the inf"terior uithe said shall: 'heingjust largeenonh. i

for the free passagethrongh it of Lheoli'lin.' dri'o'ail drill har. orrod 1),'(re )resented in' red o utlinein Figs. l and 3,) :in: ofthe'tuhej'ih (represented in' section in red eoiory in Fig.2,) byWliiehthe' suspending-rope F of' `ille is held when arope is used forsion 'of the drilling-tool. `in the oex1ter o.f'tl1e bed-plntelthere iswhole, which, like ino in-` f terior 'of the shafi; oraxie C, is justlarge, enough' for the passage of 'the drili har or' rod or theuforesuid tube7 sind whiehselves usan additional guideI to the s'iddliar, rod? `or tube inthe drilling or boring operation.-

G is an internally-toothed oog-Wheeh'uhich in boied centrally to I ibondrolnt'e freelzi-v unen the' shaft-0, 'and which .is supported upon 'pliestandard ,Bf This Wheel, which is the drli'- ingwvheel oi' Lhen'1echine, is constructed' or pro'\-'ide d'wi-th hollow sockets l d, for.the re y ceptio'n o f radially-{iarrnged beams or hars to harnesshorsesor otheruniiniils' thepower ofimen to gisieioiur'y moliion 1toVthesnid wheel hy'nfalliingf in e circular path around' the' shaft'U.Rotary `motion muy,

however, be given to the said wheeihy ineens of sieem orotlier power;huhI one great object@ of my invention is' to apply the power oi' horsesto the purpose of ydrilling,r `and boring',

' I I eremo upright shafts., the axes oi'livhioh are at equaldistuno'esfrom the axis of the sl'iuft C, on opposite sides thereof,theiiilon'er jonrnalsheing received in gear' Twith theinternullytootlieil cog-Wheel Gr und through Winch-rotary motion isimparted at equal veler-.ities tothe two shui'ts I, .lhythje rotationoithe 1mg, shafts I Ihuve also oneupon euch, two similar oiroul K, theupper sidesof which are e secured firmly upon them, nr ooms, K

inclined plaines c @,lterininuting'abruptly in upright steps d d, thepurpose ofthe said cams being to operate upon thel pair of ern drill.the suspen- Xed beniings in por ones in fixed' vided oljor ni;- tuehedto the upper part ('nielie' Standard li.. To the ,upper paitsvof `theses'hiii's I'fherej veeg-Wheel, (l. The sniih zieh formed with one o1 more'spiral surfaces or circular pers L L in suoli manner as first to rua-kethem x grip and 'lilt the drill-,bar D or tube E andthe drilling-tool,.and afterward' to snddenlyvrelease the said bar or tube and let thetool drop. f

The grippcrs L L are substantially like those used in many weltknownrock-drilling machines, and are pivoted by pins l l to a sleeve, M,which is fitted to the barD or tube E in such manner as to permit thesaid bar or tube to slide and turn easily within it, but which isprevented from turning;` by means of two fixed4 guide-rods, c e, betweenthe bed-plate and the top oi' the standard. The outer ends of thegrippers vare furnished'with anti-fric-v tion rollcrsff, to reduce thefriction produced bythe operation ofthe cams, and the said ends with thefriction-rollers are yheavier than the inner ends or jaars otthe'grippers, which seize the drill-bar D or tube E, so that thegrippers may open by their own weight when not closed by the upwardpressure of the cams on the anti-friction rollers. Under the sleeve 4Mthere are cushions g g, of india-rubber or other soit material, for thesaid sleeve to drop V,upon and to reduce the jar of the sleeve and,grippers when they fall on the abrupt steps of the cams passing theantii'riction rollers in' their revolution. The said cushions are so'arranged' that they stop the fall of'the sleeve at such a height as toallow the grippers to .open when the anti 'friction rollers slip over4the steps ot the earns.

The drill-bar D and tube E have each a longitudinal groove, It, Fig. 3,for the reeep-` tion of the point ot a horizontally-operating springpawl, i, Fig. 3, attached to the top of the driving-wheel G, forthe-purpose of producing the necessary rotary motion of the drill orboringtool.

To the top of the driving-wheel G there are attachedv'a pair of gripers,N N, substantially like L L,ex cept that they have no anti-frictionrollers, and have springsj 7 applied to their outer ends lfor the,purpose of closing them upon the rod D or tube E in such `manner as toprevent the said bar or tube from descending, but so as to permit themto be opened by,

the `friction of the bar ortube within them when it isdrawn upward.These grippers are, however, only to be used while the drill or boring-tool is being drawn out from the bore, for the purpose of preventingits descent after it hasbeen partly withdrawn and while preparing totake a new hold' upon it. At all other times the s aid grippers are heldoutl of contact with the bar or tube bymeans of hooked catches jak,applied to their outer ends.

When the machine is to be set in operation the bed-plate is placed uponand may be bolted to heavy sills l l, of-timber, or upon any othersuitable foundation, and the rod or bar D of the drill or boring-tool isinserted through the hollow .lxed shuf't. (l and the hole c in thebed-plaie.

l will first suppose thc'operation to be pere formed tobe that ofdrillingthrough .a hard stratum, in which the tool is required to have ajumping motion. A comparatively slow rotary motion of the dri vingwheelG produces through the pinions J J a rapid rotary motion of the shafts II and cams K K, and t-hc latter, by their rotation, acting together,cause the grippers L L to seize, litt, and drop the bar or rod l) onceor more times during every revolution, 'according to the number ofinclined planes c o and steps d d provided on their upper surfaces,thereby producing a rapid 'jumping 'motion of the drill, while a slowrotary motion is imparted to it by the pawl i, which, acting in itsgroove h, causes itto turn once in every revolution of thedrivine-wheei.This operation is proceeded with until the driiling has progressed tosuch a depth that the upper end of the rod or bar D has descended toernearly the .level of the pawl i, when another length is added to the rodor bar, or the rope m is passed through the tube E and attached to theupper end of the rod or bar and the said tube insorted through the shaftC down to the top of the bar, and secured to the rope by a screwclamp,a, fitted into its upper end. The drillin g is then proceeded with asbefore, the grippers L L and the pawl, after the rod or bar has passedthem, acting in the same-manner upon the said. tube as they previouslydid repen the rod or bur,and so jumping and turning the. drill by meansof therope. When the upper 'end'oi the tube has arrived at or nearly atthe pawl, the clamp m is unscrewed or loosened, and the tube raised tohringits lowest part within the grippers L L, and again secured tc therope, and the operation again proceeded with in the same manner, thetube being liberated from the rope, raised up, and secured again asoften as necessary during the 'progress of the work.`

It will be necessary from time to time as the work progresses with therope to allowthe rope to relieve itself of the excessive twist which isgiven to it by turning the tube and for this purpose the paw] z' is useinstea of a fixed pin 'or feather te turn it. By pressing back the pawlwhile the' grippers are over the lowest parts ofthe inclined planes o c,and the tube is consequently free `from them, the said tube is free toturn, and permit therope to turn in the opposite direction to that inwhich has been turned in the drilling operation until th excessive twisthas expended itself.

When it'is desired to bore through :t soft In the drilling operation rstdescribed the i liftof the' drill may be regulated by placing,

higher or lower,eushions e lower` etop having an opposite eiect."

It is obvious that, by insertinge pump-rod in place of the rod or ber1),or tube E, a, pump may be worked by the machine, provided the ,Weightofthe plunger and rod be suoient to produce ite downward etrolre.

It will be understood that, by the arrangement of all` the paris of themachine around e; hollowvcen tral shaft, around which .the fdrivinggeerrotates.. `end which is concentric and `parallel with the exis of thedrilling or boring tool, so thct the rod or bar. or tube to which thesaid tool is Aattached may pees through it, or, in other words, eo that.the interior of the said shaft forms e neutrclor dead center to themachine, the 4opere'.cion of drilling with e jumping motion may beperformed by horse or other power, appiied in a. circle surrounding theseid'shnft, axis, or center, and either the abovementioned operation ofdrilling or the operation of boring without a jumping motion may beperformed by one machine.

-Having thus described my invention, I will proceed to siete what Iclaim-ae new and decire to secure by Letters Patent.

1..'In 'el machine forldrilling oil-wclls or otherx` drillingoperetione, in' *which n jumping motibn is given to the drillfeocrrangingand 4amply/jing* the driving-wheel or other wheel or devicethrough which power is applied lo pr'odcce the jumping motion the-t itrotetee about e hollow ehe-ttor axle through which the drill- -rodpasses, enbsteintielly ne herein described.

equivalent, iitted to slideupon the drillrod .or ber l) or the tube E,from which itis sus pended, the grippers L L, the ehefts Llandthe cams KK, the whole arranged and operati ing enbetentia-lly esherein-described.

3. The employment,t`or lifting and gumping the drill or boring-tool by4:ineens o e rope and gripper-s, of a. tube, E, clamped to the rope.,

`but adjustable lengthwise thereon, es the tool descends, substantiallyas herein specified.

4. In combination with the'longitudinaly groove h in the tube E, fromwhich the drill or boring tool ie suspended by a rope, e pawl,

'5, so applied 'to the driving-whee1 G or other device from which therotary motion of the tool ie obtained es to provide for the release ofthe 'seid rod, ber, or tube, *to-,allow Ithe' rope to relieve itself orhe relieved of excessive twist, substantially as herein-described.

5. VThe shaft,

or ite equivalent, and grippere L L, the Whole arranged endoperetingeubstentinlly ats-and for the purpose hereinepecified.

6. The arrangement oi'` the standard B, the

xed hollow upright she-fi; C, through which the d rill-rod passes, enddriving-'wheel G, eub- 'i etnntielly es herein described, whereby a.clean` space ie left all around the seid wheel to per.- mih it to beoperated bymeene of beams or cepsien-bere, as herein eet forth.

LAWRENCE HOLMS. i Witnesses: Y

J. W. Gnome, G. W. Renn.

combination of .the hollow centrl C, internally-toothed driving-wheel G,shafts I l, oinione J J, cemeK K, sleeve M,

